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৩০ পয়সা প্রতি শব্দ – এটা কি ভালো? আপনি যদি প্রফেশনাল অনুবাদকরূপে কাজ করতে চান তবে নিচের নমুনা অনুচ্ছেদটি অনুবাদ করতে পারেন। এখানে ৬৩১ টি শব্দ আছে, ৩০ পয়সা হিসাবে ১৯০ টাকার মত আসে। তবে এই নমুনা কাজের জন্য কোনো টাকা দেওয়া হবে না। মূল কাজটা বেশ বড়। আগ্রহীরা অনুবাদসহ যোগাযোগ করুন। প্রতিদিন কতটি শব্দ করতে পারবেন জানান। দয়া করে আপনার বন্ধুদেরও বলুন। ঘরে বসে আয় করতে পারবেন। আবার বাংলা-ইংরেজির ভাষাজ্ঞানও বাড়বে!
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Launched in the year 1990, the aim of IDNDR has been to concentrate on sustained international and multidisciplinary commitment for disaster prevention through primary focus on hazard, vulnerability and risk assessment, disaster prevention and sustainable development, effective early warning, sharing of knowledge and transfer of technology.

The objectives of IDNDR have been that all countries should have:

a) Comprehensive national assessment of risks from natural hazards, taking into account their impact on developmental plans

b) Mitigation plans at national and/or local levels, involving long-term prevention, preparedness and community awareness; and

c) Ready access to global, regional, national and local warning systems and widespread dissemination of such warnings.

A major conference of the IDNDR programme was held in Yokohama in May 1994, where a plan of action for disaster reduction called the Yokohama Strategy was evolved.

Yokohama Strategy

The World Conference on Natural Disasters at Yokohama in May 1994 has been a crucial landmark in Disaster Mitigation and Preparedness Planning. The focus of the Strategy remains on natural hazards being beyond the control of human beings. It has recognized risk assessment as a critical need and propagated a comprehensive prevention, mitigation and preparedness strategy along with developing a culture of prevention.


International Strategy for Disaster Risk Reduction (ISDR)-2000-2010

Formulated by the United Nations or UN in 2000, it aimed to provide a global framework to foster the resilience of communities to the effects of natural hazards through the implementation of risk management, hazard mitigation and sustainable development. The disaster risk reduction framework propagated by ISDR has focussed on risk awareness and assessment, hazard analysis and vulnerability/ capacity analysis, knowledge development, public commitment, institutional frameworks, environmental management, land-use and urban planning, protection of critical facilities, application of science and technology, partnership and networking, financial instruments, early warning systems, research and development.

The Hyogo Framework for Action for a Safer World

The World Conference on Disaster Reduction, held in the city of Kobe in the Hyogo region of Japan in 2005 brought the global disaster management community together once again to review the progress on the Yokohama Strategy, and to plan a framework of action for the subsequent ten years. The result of the Conference, the Hyogo Framework for Action, highlights the following action agenda for the decade 2005-15:

1) Ensure that disaster risk reduction is a national and a local priority with a strong institutional basis for implementation

2) Identify, assess and monitor disaster risks and enhance early warning systems

3) Use knowledge, innovation and education to build a culture of safety and resilience at all levels

4) Reduce the underlying risk factors

5) Strengthen disaster preparedness for effective response at all levels

The process started by the Yokohama Strategy and the Hyogo Framework for Action is the basis for a global shift in disaster management approach from response towards preparedness.

World Bank

International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) popularly known as World Bank offers project loans for reconstruction and development to developing countries. In July 1998, a Specialist Disaster Management Facility (DMF) was set up at its headquarters in Washington, D.C. to promote disaster risk management. The World Bank has also posted Disaster Management Specialists in some of its offices. Realizing the importance of disaster management in development projects, World Bank now incorporates disaster management component in many of its projects. World Bank has financed rehabilitation projects after the Latur Earthquake (1993), Orissa Super Cyclone (1999), and Gujarat Earthquake (2001).

Asian Development Bank

Asian Development Bank (ADB), which is in Manila, is a Philippines based regional development bank for Asia and the Pacific. It provides long-term project financing. ADB has also financed rehabilitation projects in India mostly in conjunction with IBRD. ADB undertakes research on disaster management and publishes them. Its activities encompass areas pertaining to preparedness, response, recovery and rehabilitation.

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